GREEK
PROBLEMS
Speech
by Dr.Thalis Mylonas
Aristotle, the
ancient Greek philosopher, said that social life is a necessity because man is
a political being but the peaceful co-existence of all peoples, according to
the greatest philosopher Plato, presupposes the implementation of justice,
which constitutes the supreme human value, for this
reason the ancient Greeks worshiped justice, as the daughter of Heaven and
Earth.
Even though justice is
extremely difficult to be applied
because the different peoples, according to their intellectual, social and economic
level, religious, cultural, racial background etc. have their own conception about justice.
“Justice”, said Plato, “had
the possibility to prevail only when world leaders were philosophers or when
philosophers became leaders”, while
the Roman orator Cicero, said that “homo
homini lupus”.
In the light of the above, human societies invented
the law which constitutes a modus
vivendi for the solution of the differences among peoples.
Therefore all the countries
must respect and apply the law, nationally or internationally, in order to
secure the world peace.
As a historical example of the respect to the law is Socrates,
the greatest ancient philosopher, who sacrificed himself in order to obey the
Law, although he was convinced that the law by which he was condemned was
unfair.
The tradition of the political philosophy of Greece, as it
concerns the application of the rules of law and justice, goes back to 3.500
B.C., and the first international organization was the Delphic
Amphictyony, the principles of which, had been based on Morality, Law and
Justice.
They were principles of virtue and that is why the men of that
era believed that this Amphictyony
was founded by the God of light, Apollo.
The Violation of the Amphictyonic principles, by any state
or person , would entail sanctions
against them, as provided by the Amphictyonic regulations.
The authority and respectability of the Amphictyony were so
high that when it was in session all states in war were obliged to stop the
hostilities and adopt a truce.
The decisions of the
Delphic Council ( as today the Security
Council) had such a high authority that all citizens or states were obliged to
abide by them. If, any phenomenon of dissidence would emerge, the decision
would be carried out by force and with the assistance of the member states of the Amphictyony.
As history
tells us, the Delphic Amphictyony had many times declared sacred wars which
lasted many years, until its decisions were fulfilled.
The Delphic
Amphictyony, thanks to the principles
of morality and justice, upon which it
stood, achieved
great
authority and respect and maintained its existence
over 1500
years, until Greece fell to the Romans.
C Y P R U
S P R O B L E M
As it is well known the tremendous disasters
of the
WW .II to mankind ,led the winner powers
to created the United Nations Organization ,the Charter
which has as its main purposes ;
I] to secure the international peace and security.
.2] to respect the sovereign equality of the States
3] to respect the territorial
integrity of the states
4] to respect the self determination
of the peoples
5] to protect and development the human rights
6] to solve their
differences among the states, by peaceful means etc.
In order now to fulfil
the above purposes ,the
Charter of the U.N. declared that the war, the violence and
the threat among the states, are out of law.
Charter of the U.N. declared that the war, the violence and
the threat among the states, are out of law.
Also I would like to point out
that during the ceremony of
the signing of the Charter of the U.N., the President of the
United States Harry Truman addressing to the world declared that.
the signing of the Charter of the U.N., the President of the
United States Harry Truman addressing to the world declared that.
“The U.N. Charter which we have
just signed constitutes a unique creation on which we may rely
to build a better world . With
this Charter you may attain to the
future for a better life with dignity and
freedom. If you fail to use the Charter we will be traitors to all those who sacrificed their lives to enable us to meet here today
secure and free. If we will claim to use the Charter selfishly ,we will
all be equally guilty of this treasure.”
Unfortunately the above
heritage of President Harry
Truman ,was not applied and was not respected
mainly
by his compatriots the Americans who
must have been
the main safe guardians of his heritage. It is
very sad
that the USA violated and
used the U.N. Charter
selfishly,
in other words they used the
Charter
selectively
and with discrimination, in order to serve
their own interests
Major examples
of the violation and the
discriminating application of the U.N. Charter are the cases
of Kuwait and Cyprus .As all of
you know in 1991 Iraq invaded
in Kuwait for which the Security Council and the International Community, took action immediately and proceeded
to the condemnation of Iraq and
by collective application of forced measures under the leadership of U.S.A.
obliged Iraqi to withdraw
their armed forces and restore the former situation.
On the
other hand, in the case of the Turkish invasion in Cyprus ,although the violation of
the U.N. Charter was identical ,unfortunately no
enforcement measures were
taken by the U.N. in spite of its own resolutions of
condemnation and even the 2.000 deaths,200.000 people who
forcibly removed from their homes ,the gross violation of human rights and finally, the confession of the leader of Turkish Cypriots Raouf
Denckdas in a
public statement were admitted that 1.490 prisoners and hostages of war were assassinated
in cold blood…
For such a case of violation of the Law of humanity, it
was expected to set up an Ad Hoc
International Court for the judgment of the moral
and physical guilty for the crimes, as it happen with Yugoslavia and Rwanda
On the contrary nothing has been done and the consequences of
the invasion and the occupation of Cyprus by the heavy Turkish army was the establishment of an illegal and
puppet state in the occupied north territory of Cyprus ,which has been
condemned by the Security Council and
all the countries all over the world, as nul and void..
In spite of the above violations , the conspiracy against Cyprus continuing and
the U.S.A. with England instead
of forcing Turkey to withdraw its
armed forces from Cyprus and to
remedy the thousands of
victims and damages, are trying to legalize
the invasion and its fait a
compli by bringing the Kofi Annan Plan for the solution of the Cyprus problem ,
but unfortunately for them , this plan
was rejected by the
plebiscite of the Cypriots
Today forty (40) years about and while 38% of Cyprus territory is still occupied by the
Turkish military troops, a new round of negotiations between the Greek and the Turkish
Cypriots started ,under the auspices of U.N. and the blackmail of U.S.A and England
without of any hope, because the leading powers trying to legitimize the
invasion and occupation, while the
criminals enjoy impunity at the expenses of the international justice.
THE SCOPIANS [F.Y.R.O.M] PROBLEM
It is worth mentioning, also, another
example of impunity of crimes of war, genocide and against humanity, which had been committed by
the Yugoslavians , the northern neighbors of Greece, during the communist
regime.
As it is well known, during World
War II Tito, under the guidance of Stalin, and in accordance with the
communist parties of the east bloc and the clear expansionist aims of the Slavs
to reach the Mediterranean waters, named the southern part of Yugoslavia “Macedonia”,
which until that time was called Vardaska.
This action was condemned
by
Edward R. Stettinius the
Secretary of United States who at that time who, in his memorandum to the
U.S. embassies, stated that the State Department noted with particular concern
the propaganda and the statements regarding an independent Macedonia coming
from Yugoslavia (Tito) which aimed to threaten Greek territories.
The
Government of the United States,
he stated, regarded the possibility of the creation of a Macedonian nation or
country, as unjustified demagoguery
as it did not represent, either a national or a political reality, but aimed,
only, at reviving aggression against Greece .
Later on, the Communist regime of Yugoslavia
and the other Balkan communist states ,invaded in the internal affairs of Greece by supporting the Communist insurgents
against the legal Government of the State, with the aim to incorporate to Yugoslavia
communist federation state, the
territory of the Greek Macedonia. But it
failed because of the victory of the Greek army.
After the collapse of the Socialistic Block
and the dissolution [1990] of the Yugoslavian
Federation, the South region of Yugoslavia (Vardasca) became an
independent state, without possessing all the legal presuppositions, which are conditions sine qua non, for the creation of an independent state.
This state was artificial
and created from several peoples,35%Albanians,15%Slavs,1O%Bulgarians,15%Creek,10%Serbians,and
the, balance from Romanians, Turkish, Gypsies etc.
Finally, this new state FYROM, by their self-orientation renamed their state from
Vardasca to ‘’Macedonia Democracy’’ and claimed to be recognized as,‘’Macedonian
Ethnology’’ with Macedonian language. These
actions are illegal nul and void,
because in essence they try to extent their country in the Greek Macedonia, as
they had tried during the communist regime. but in any case, the above actions
and claims of FYROM are illegal and cannot
be accepted by the international community, because;
1] Their claimS to be recognized as Macedonian
ethnology and their language as
Macedonian are scientifically wrong and illegal ,because the creation of an
ethnology presupposes common
characteristics, of its peoples, as for instance ,same cultural, same roots ,history,
tradition, language, religion, customs and
the feeling that they belong to the same nation.
Unfortunately, the peoples which
created this state belong to different ethnologies such as Albanians, Slavs, Bulgarians,
Gypsies, Serbians, Torlacs, Turkish, Greeks ,Romanians,etc. Therefor the new
state F.Y.R.O.M is not entitled to claim Macedonian ethnology and Macedonian language, because the Macedonians who lived in this area since 1500 years B.C. were Greeks and spoked
the Greek language as it is proved by the Aristotle, Democritos, Evripidis and many others who wrote their books in Greek language ,while the Slavs
came to this area 1000 years later.
2] Their claim to usurp the Greek name Macedonia contradicts the principles of Equality and
Justice, which constitute common Law, [jus cogens]. Comparing the two neighbor countries, Greece has multiple rights
over FYROM ,because it uses the name Macedonia
3500 years and possesses, 71% of
the historical Macedonian territory, which is inhabited by 2.650.000 Greek
Macedonians, although the Slavs possess only the 17% of the historical
Macedonian territory and uses this name
illegally for about 50years and for internal Affairs, while the majority of its
population, of this region, has always been Greek (Hellenes), although they
were forced to be dishellenelized by the communist regime. The Bulgarians
occupy 11% of the Macedonia
territory and the Albanians the 1% of
it.
3] Their claim to use the name Macedonia , abuses the legal, cultural and
hereditary products of Greece
according to the international treaty of UNESCO of 1970, which provide that: history,
civilization and the leading personalities of a country, constitute
cultural products and national
values, protected by the international treaties and the General Rules of Law.
4] Their behavior undermines the International Legality because,
by using the Greek name Macedonia attempts to legalize its illegal and
criminal actions against Greece, which started in 1944 up to 1949 by
Tito and Stalin, who by intervening in the internal affairs of Greece and
by offering help, to the so-called “democratic army” of the revolutionary
communist party and by capturing 28.000 Greek children and deporting them to
countries in the communist block, committed the crime of genocide and the crime
against humanity.
5] Their endeavour to
legalize the falsification of the Greek history intended to usurp its
history, its civilization and the great historical personalities of Greece such
as King Philip, Alexander the Great, philosophers Aristotle, Democritos etc. all of
whom constitute significant cultural elements of Greece, because the ancient
Macedonians, like Thassalians, Athenians, Spartans, Dorians, Ionians, Ahaians,
and many others were Creek races and created the Greek Nation
After the above the appeal by FYROM of their name ‘Macedonian Democracy’ as provided in
its constitution does not excuse their illegal attitude and has nothing to do with the legality
,because according to the cannon ‘EX TURBI CAUSA NON ORITUR ACTION ‘ and the
decision of the international Courts; ''no one state has the right to
require justice for its illegal acts or to make use of its
constitution in order to sustain its rights in the international level''. This
is confirmed in the cases of Alabama
claim, the Greco-Bulgarian communities ,the Polis national case etc.
Therefore, the political actions of this new state FYROM and its
constitution cannot supersede the
international treaties, the international law and the resolutions of the
international Courts.
As a conclusion I would like to remind you the American judge Robert Jackson
prosecutor in the Nuremberg Criminal Court who declared that.'' All those who act against
the international law are great criminals'’
This declaration justifies your important work in fighting impunity
and promoting international justice.
ww.balkan-institute.gr , Email: thalismylonas@yahoo.com
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